SHELTER
A shelter of some sort or another is one of the 5 basic human needs.
From earliest times man has had some sort of a shelter and man has discovered the appropriate shelter for the climate he is living in. Today our shelter is more driven by fashion but for those who wish to have comfort and a reasonable cost fashion does not have to be sacrificed.
From earliest times man has had some sort of a shelter and man has discovered the appropriate shelter for the climate he is living in. Today our shelter is more driven by fashion but for those who wish to have comfort and a reasonable cost fashion does not have to be sacrificed.
Like all things in Permaculture each section has a specific set of considerations for its design. This is true to when and how we construct our shelters also. With building a shelter climate available material and the skills of the builders are all considered. The major theme when designing is passive solar meaning that the building will be a comfortable environment in which to live while not requiring excessive amounts of energy for heating, cooling and lighting. This aim is achieved by placement, layout and materials from which the building is constructed. Placement and layout centre around maximizing the natural light available.
The Passive House: has evolved over the years and now we see different designs being established for different climatic regions. Passive House building techniques to suit the Central European climate would be folly to directly copy details, especially those for insulation, windows and ventilation from the Central European example to other parts of the world. Instead, the details should be found to suit the climate and geographic conditions to develop a Passive House solution of each location.
The Passive House: has evolved over the years and now we see different designs being established for different climatic regions. Passive House building techniques to suit the Central European climate would be folly to directly copy details, especially those for insulation, windows and ventilation from the Central European example to other parts of the world. Instead, the details should be found to suit the climate and geographic conditions to develop a Passive House solution of each location.
Passive Design is Designing a Building to Work with the SUN .
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Tropics and Sub Tropics
• Orient to prevailing winds, not the sun • Shaded valleys optimal • Materials – light, even permeable to wind • Mind flooding and plan for hurricane areas • Mind insects o Screens, Stilts allow ground birds access to termites • Temperature control o Humidity control o Shade o Cool air currents - Attached shade house • White surfaces in and out • Remove heat sources o Semi-detached kitchen? Know the Site |
Temperate
• Space and Water Heating • Passive solar design • Settlement on thermal belt • Close housing 2-4 floors • Dense windbreaks poleward • Materials, dense earth or wood o Vegetation (attached to masonry, out from wood) for insulation • Stepped housing • Insulated ceiling |
Drylands
• Passive solar, summer cooling, winter (night) warming • Cool interior courtyards narrow and tall for shade • White surfaces, small windows • Towers for ventilation • Cooking outdoors under trellis • Underground • Vines on walls if possible • Homes as shade for gardens |
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After investigating which climatic zone your in then you need to be aware of a few other things for this to work. In the southern Hemisphere:-
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Know the SunThis is where you will need your data on the sun you collected before. You will need to know:-
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DESIGNING the SYSTEM• Collection of all your data
• Absorption/ Storage • Distribution • Controls |
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Collectors i.e Windows
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• Optimal Sizing
• North v’s east & west • Types • Frame • Sealing |
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Glazing
o Single, double or triple o Inert gasses o Low-E o Hard coat v’s Soft coat o Polyester Films o Spaces |
Absorbtion/Storage
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• Surfaces
o Colour o Placement • Thermal Mass • Materials • Placement • Distribution • Mass to glass • Coverings |
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Distribution
Controls |
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Shading
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Passive Solar Heating Systems
Passive Solar Cooling
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Natural Venting
Shading
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Thermal Chimney
Fans
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DESIGNER'S CHECKLIST
References:-
http://www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design
Kevin Bayuk Designer of Business Ecologies https://www.slideshare.net/kevinbayuk/permaculture-passive-solar-design
http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/info/homes/
http://www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design
Kevin Bayuk Designer of Business Ecologies https://www.slideshare.net/kevinbayuk/permaculture-passive-solar-design
http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/info/homes/
